Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on Bladder Dysfunction Induced by Chronic Bladder Ischemia in a Rat Model

Abstract

Purpose: We investigated the protective effects of coenzyme Q10 on bladder dysfunction in a rat model of atherosclerosis induced chronic bladder ischemia. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 male Sprague-Dawley (R) rats at age 16 weeks were divided into 4 groups of 6 each, including group 1-untreated, sham operated rats, group 2-coenzyme Q10 treated, sham operated rats, group 3-untreated rats with chronic bladder ischemia and group 4-coenzyme Q10 treated rats with chronic bladder ischemia. Groups 3 and 4 received an endothelial injury to the iliac arteries and were fed a 2% cholesterol diet for 8 weeks. Groups 2 and 4 were treated with coenzyme Q10 and the others were treated with vehicle for 4 weeks. Eight weeks postoperatively we performed continuous in vivo cystometry, an in vitro detrusor muscle strip study and a malondialdehyde assay. Histological examination of the bladder walls and iliac arteries was also done. Results: In vivo cystometry revealed that coenzyme Q10 administration after the induction of chronic bladder ischemia prolonged micturition frequency and the intercontraction interval, and increased bladder capacity compared to those in untreated rats with chronic bladder ischemia. In the detrusor muscle strip study coenzyme Q10 administration after the induction of chronic bladder ischemia increased contractile responses compared to those in untreated rats with chronic bladder ischemia. Rats with chronic bladder ischemia also showed higher malondialdehyde in bladder tissue and serum than the other groups. Chronic bladder ischemia induced submucosal fibrosis of the bladder walls and a degenerative change in the blood vessel tunical media, as shown on histological examination. Conclusions: Our study suggests that coenzyme Q10 acts as an antioxidant to protect bladder function in this chronic bladder ischemia model.