도시 제조업의 공간적 분포 특성에 관한 연구 - 미국 대도시 사례를 중심으로 -

Abstract

Many cities in East Asia have entered, are entering, or will soon be entering a period of active deindustrialization and transition to advanced producer services and other information-based services. Seoul is one of these cities experiencing rapid deindustrialization. Urban manufacturing has been steadily declining, and many large factories in Seoul’s traditional manufacturing areas, such as Yeongdeungpo, Guro, and Sindorim, have already left (Seoul Develop-ment Institute, 2009). Resulting brownfields have been redeveloped into apartment housing complexes and mixed-use buildings, which has weakened the city’s industrial base (Shin, 2009). During such a transition it is not uncommon for planners to ignore the more traditional manufacturing sector under the assumption that these firms will eventually leave the central city and relocate to more cost-effective locations outside the city or even overseas. Seoul’s industrial policy emphasis on supporting cutting edge light industry is one example (Seoul Development Institute, 2009). It is not clear, however, that cities and city residents benefit from policies that drive manufacturing out of the urban core. For example, well paid workers in new industries are evolving new consumption patterns that rely on local manufacturing to provide custom furniture, jewelry, and other symbolic goods, which creates a strong need for some industrial firms to locate within or proximate to urban cores (Scott 2001). As described in the next section, there are also studies that suggest that urban manufacturing pays higher wages, reduces costs for leading sector firms, and contributes to urban economic stability. Supporting such industries is thus essential to maintaining competitiveness and quality of life.