토지이용별 전국 농경지 토양물리적 특성

Abstract

Soil physical properties determine soil quality in aspect of root growth, infiltration, water and nutrient holding capacity. Although the monitoring of soil physical properties is important for sustainable agricultural production, there were few studies. This study was conducted to investigate the condition of soil physical properties of arable land according to land use across the country. The work was investigated on plastic film house soils, upland soils, orchard soils, and paddy soils from 2008 to 2011,including depth of topsoil, bulk density, hardness, soil texture, and organic matter. The average physical properties were following; In plastic film house soils, the depth of topsoil was 16.2 cm. For the topsoils,hardness was 9.0 mm, bulk density was 1.09 Mg m-3, and organic matter content was 29.0 g kg-1. For the subsoils, hardness was 19.8 mm, bulk density was 1.32 Mg m-3, and organic matter content was 29.5g kg-1; In upland soils, depth of topsoil was 13.3 cm. For the topsoils, hardness was 11.3 mm, bulk density was 1.33 Mg m-3, and organic matter content was 20.6 g kg-1. For the subsoils, hardness was 18.8 mm,bulk density was 1.52 Mg m-3, and organic matter content was 13.0 g kg-1. Classified by the types of crop,soil physical properties were high value in a group of deep-rooted vegetables and a group of short-rooted vegetables soil, but low value in a group of leafy vegetables soil; In orchard soils, the depth of topsoil was 15.4 cm. For the topsoils, hardness was 16.1 mm, bulk density was 1.25 Mg m-3, and organic matter content was 28.5 g kg-1. For the subsoils, hardness was 19.8 mm, bulk density was 1.41 Mg m-3, and organic matter content was 15.9 g kg-1; In paddy soils, the depth of topsoil was 17.5 cm. For the topsoils,hardness was 15.3 mm , bulk density was 1.22 Mg m-3, and organic matter content was 23.5 g kg-1. For the subsoils, hardness was 20.3 mm, bulk density was 1.47 Mg m-3, and organic matter content was 17.5 g kg-1. The average of bulk density was plastic film house soils < paddy soils < orchard soils < upland soils in order, according to land use. The bulk density value of topsoils is mainly distributed in 1.0~1.25 Mg m-3. The bulk density value of subsoils is mostly distributed in more than 1.50, 1.35~1.50, and 1.0~1.50Mg m-3 for upland and paddy soils, orchard soils, and plastic film house soils, respectively. Classified by soil textural family, there was lower bulk density in clayey soil, and higher bulk density in fine silty and sandy soil. Soil physical properties and distribution of topography were different classified by the types of land use and growing crops. Therefore, we need to consider the types of land use and crop for appropriate soil management.