Reversal of imbalance between kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine by antipsychotics in medication-naive and medication-free schizophrenic patients
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Myint, A. M. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Schwarz, M. J. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Verkerk, R. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Mueller, H. H. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Zach, J. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Scharpe, S. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Steinbusch, H. W. M. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Leonard, B. E. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Kim, Y. K. | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-09-07T06:53:44Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2021-09-07T06:53:44Z | - |
dc.date.created | 2021-06-18 | - |
dc.date.issued | 2011-11 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 0889-1591 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/111334 | - |
dc.description.abstract | The association between the pro-inflammatory state of schizophrenia and increased tryptophan degradation into kynurenine has been reported. However, the relationship between metabolites from subdivisions of the kynurenine pathway, kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine, remains unknown. The present study tested the relationship between these kynurenine metabolites in the plasma of medication-naive (n = 35) or medication-free (n = 18) patients with schizophrenia at admission and following 6-week antipsychotic treatment compared to healthy controls (n = 48). The plasma concentrations of kynurenic acid (nmol/l) were lower (difference = -8.44 (-13.22 to -3.65); p = 0.001) and of 3-hydroxykynurenine (nmol/l) were higher (difference = 11.24 (8.11-14.37); p < 0.001) in the patients compared with the healthy controls. The kynurenic acid/kynurenine (difference = -2.75 (-5.115 to -0.336); p = 0.026) and kynurenic acid/3-hydroxykynurenine (difference = -1.08 (-1.431 to -0.729); p < 0.001) ratios were also lower in the patients. After the 6-week treatment, the patients' plasma kynurenic acid levels (difference = 3.85 (-0.23 to 7.94); p = 0.064) showed a trend towards an increase, whereas plasma 3-hydroxykynurenine levels (difference = 22.41 (19.76-25.07); p < 0.001) decreased. As a consequence, the kynurenic acid/3-hydroxykynurenine ratio (difference = -4.41 (-5.51 to -3.3); p < 0.001) increased. Higher initial plasma kynurenic acid levels on admission or increased kynurenic acid/kynurenine ratio after treatment were associated with reduction of clinical symptoms scores upon discharge although higher kynurenic acid/kynurenine on admission may induce higher positive symptoms score. In contrast, higher 3-hydroxykynurenine is associated with lower positive symptoms score. These results indicate that there is an imbalance in the kynurenine pathway in schizophrenia. The 6-week antipsychotic treatment may partially reverse the imbalance in kynurenine metabolism and that in turn induces clinical response. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. | - |
dc.language | English | - |
dc.language.iso | en | - |
dc.publisher | ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE | - |
dc.subject | HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER ADHD | - |
dc.subject | QUINOLINIC ACID | - |
dc.subject | INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE | - |
dc.subject | TRYPTOPHAN-METABOLISM | - |
dc.subject | CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID | - |
dc.subject | BIPOLAR DISORDER | - |
dc.subject | GLIAL INTEGRITY | - |
dc.subject | RAT-BRAIN | - |
dc.subject | CYTOKINES | - |
dc.subject | PATHWAY | - |
dc.title | Reversal of imbalance between kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine by antipsychotics in medication-naive and medication-free schizophrenic patients | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor | Kim, Y. K. | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.05.005 | - |
dc.identifier.scopusid | 2-s2.0-80053900888 | - |
dc.identifier.wosid | 000296124700009 | - |
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitation | BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY, v.25, no.8, pp.1576 - 1581 | - |
dc.relation.isPartOf | BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY | - |
dc.citation.title | BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY | - |
dc.citation.volume | 25 | - |
dc.citation.number | 8 | - |
dc.citation.startPage | 1576 | - |
dc.citation.endPage | 1581 | - |
dc.type.rims | ART | - |
dc.type.docType | Article | - |
dc.description.journalClass | 1 | - |
dc.description.journalRegisteredClass | scie | - |
dc.description.journalRegisteredClass | scopus | - |
dc.relation.journalResearchArea | Immunology | - |
dc.relation.journalResearchArea | Neurosciences & Neurology | - |
dc.relation.journalResearchArea | Psychiatry | - |
dc.relation.journalWebOfScienceCategory | Immunology | - |
dc.relation.journalWebOfScienceCategory | Neurosciences | - |
dc.relation.journalWebOfScienceCategory | Psychiatry | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER ADHD | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | QUINOLINIC ACID | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | TRYPTOPHAN-METABOLISM | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | BIPOLAR DISORDER | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | GLIAL INTEGRITY | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | RAT-BRAIN | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | CYTOKINES | - |
dc.subject.keywordPlus | PATHWAY | - |
dc.subject.keywordAuthor | Schizophrenia | - |
dc.subject.keywordAuthor | Kynurenine | - |
dc.subject.keywordAuthor | Kynurenic acid | - |
dc.subject.keywordAuthor | 3-Hydroxykynurenine | - |
dc.subject.keywordAuthor | Antipsychotics | - |
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