공적원조기금(ODA)을 제공하는 이유에 대한 이론적 논의

Abstract

While realism, liberalism and Marxism all bring different perspectives leading to different explanations regarding development aid by donor countries, all theories can be considered as traditional state-centric perspectives given that all eventually focus their analyses on the state as a rational actor and national interest as a motivation of development aid. Unlike these traditional perspectives, there are a growing number of new theories, particularly theories under post-positivism, which try to bring new ways of explaining the issue of development aid. Social constructivism is instrumental in showing that national interests are not fixed and can be changed and reconstructed. Critical theory, while there are very diverse roots of theory, is making very important contributions in that it argues various actors, rather than nation-states, should be considered, emphasizing a bottom-up process of norm-making. The participation of diverse actors has changed the structure of the global society and has constructed new norms. These non-traditional perspectives have enhanced understanding of the transformation of global society within the field of development aid. It also suggests various solutions to problems that the development assistance community has encountered during implementation practices.