意見陳述の終結部における会話参加の様相 ─ 意見交換の深まりとの関連に着目して ─

Abstract

This study was an analysis, mainly of the reactions of listeners towards the end of the statement of an opinion by a speaker, to explore the factors that lead to the development of discussions. The study found that listeners displayed four patterns in relation to the last portion of the statement of an opinion: the reaction-taking type, the reaction-continuation type, the non-reaction-taking type, and the non-reaction-continuation type. Moreover, the rates at which these patterns occurred were further analyzed. Some of the reactions of the listeners to the speakers’ statement of an opinion and the tendency of listeners to engage in consecutive dialog in the case of discussions are deemed to be developed. The examples of dialogs highlight the extent to which the listeners agree and this is followed by a detailed explanation of the reason for their agreement and their understanding of the opinions that were stated. The, they express their requests for information to enable them to study the opinions more carefully. On the other hand, for the non-reaction-dialog pattern, neither a particular tendency nor any reaction to the statement of an opinion was observed, in which case no discussions were deemed to have developed. Consequently, the essential role of a listener is to summarize the speaker’s opinions and to express their reactions to the speaker’s opinions by including their own position and perspectives.