郭璞의 晉代 漢語 陰聲韻 음운체계

Abstract

This study is designed to reconstruct a phonological system of finals in the Yinsheng rimes(陰聲韻) as reflected in the Sound Glosses and rimes of Guo Pu(郭璞), a scholar of the Jin Dynasty(晉代). His sound glosses are mostly of the direct phonetic notaions(直音法) and the fanqie spellings(反切注音法), which are believed to have represented one of phonological systems in the era between Old Chinese(OC) and Middle Chinese(MC). Unfortunately, however, both of the methods had revealed their own limitations. The similar problems risen in the fanqie spellings adopted in the Early MC rime books were overcame with the occurrences of the rime tables in Late MC. But there were no such tables which could compensate for the limitations inherent in the glosses that he adopted. We can count on some rimes still extant in the Guo Pu’s verse as complementary data. We finally reach some conclusions, some of which coincide with those of predecessors while some of which do not. The followings are the results in general: The Guo Pu’s data reflect the phonological system of a rather early transitional period between OC and MC. Some of Rime Groups of OC had split into different rimes or groups. The Zhi Group(支部) does not show any splits but two different changes took place in the Zhi Group(之部). Some of them developed into the You Rime(尤韻); the other developed into the Zhi Rime(脂韻). The 1st Grade and 2nd Grade characters of the Zhi Group(脂部) and the Wei Group(微韻) had formed rimes similar to those of MC while the other still retained the OC characteristics. The Ji Group(祭部) characters reveal no sound changes but in the vowels. Some of the Yu Group(魚部) characters merged with the Ge Group(歌部) characters while some of them developed into the Yu Rime Group(遇攝). The Hou Group(侯部) split into two categories, one into the Yu Rime Group(遇攝), the other into the Liu Rime Group(流攝). The 1st and the 2nd Grade characters of the You Group(幽部) or the Xiao Group(宵部) had been diphthongised and developed into the Hao Rime(豪韻) and the Yao Rime(肴韻) respectively. The 3rd and the 4th Grade of the You Group(幽部) and the Xiao Group(宵部) had merged.