Partitioning of dioxins (PCDDs/Fs) in ambient air at urban residential locations

Abstract

In this work, 17-polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/furan (PCDD/Fs) isomers were measured in ambient air at four urban sites in Seoul, Korea (from February to June 2009). The concentrations of their summed values (I PCDD pound/Fs) across all four sites ranged from 1,947 (271 WHO05 TEQ) (Jong Ro) to 2,600 (349 WHO05 TEQ) fg/m(3) (Yang Jae) with a mean of 2,125 (+/- A 317) fg/m(3) (292 WHO05 TEQ fg/m(3)). The sum values for the two isomer groups of I PCDD pound and I PCDF pound were 527 (30 WHO05 TEQ) and 1,598 (263 WHO05 TEQ) fg/m(3), respectively. The concentration profile of individual species was dominated by the 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF isomer, which contributed approximately 36 % of the I PCDD pound/Fs value. The observed temporal trends in PCDD/F concentrations were characterized by relative enhancement in the winter and spring. The relative contribution of different sources, when assessed by principal component analysis, is explained by the dominance of vehicular emissions along with coal (or gas) burning as the key source of ambient PCDD/Fs in the residential areas studied.