民의 대척점에 선 「王權」의 표상 ; 「天皇」과 「征夷大將軍」

Abstract

In Japan, the thought that imperial authority did not lie in the emperor alone but was wielded by people is carrying more weight. In addition, many theorists point out that sovereignty may represent prestige and institution rather than emperor. In particular, Imperial woman(女帝) theory which proved to be quite fruitful in research achievement is drawing keen interest in that it realistically reflects status quo of Japanese royal family. What’s more, the study on imperial authority is being regarded as one of the most effective ways given that the Statute State runs from the mid 10th century to the 12th century, which falls upon the mid and late Heian Period. When definition of imperial politics reflects kinship-based politics, the theory on imperial authority may gain more grounds. Great Gen.Jungi(征夷) is sometimes cited in archives of ancient times. However, it more often is cited since Kamakura Age. Great Gen. Jungi ruled Shogun era and adopted placing offspring on the throne. Great Gen. Jungi formally acted as servant required to follow royal order. In practice, however, he exercised controlling power during ages of Muromachi and Edo. Externally the Gen. was also treated as Japan Emperor. Given this, Japan’s imperial authority during the pre-modern age may be seen as the sovereignty exclusively wielded by Japan’s emperor and Great Gen. Jungi. In particular, analysis of changes in historical meaning of “emperor” and “Great Gen. Jungi” may make it easier to understand civil power at the time. Just as Great Gen. Jungi had good reason to govern the country during the mid 9th century, the fact that it used political power to suppress civil power during the transition to medieval times stands in contrast with dissemination of the civil power.