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Mechanobiological Implications of Cancer Progression in Space

Authors
Kim, HyondeogShin, YunKim, Dong-Hwee
Issue Date
8-12월-2021
Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
Keywords
cancer Progression; cellular mechanoadaptation; mechanotransduction; microgravity; space mechanobiology
Citation
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, v.9
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume
9
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/135456
DOI
10.3389/fcell.2021.740009
ISSN
2296-634X
Abstract
The human body is normally adapted to maintain homeostasis in a terrestrial environment. The novel conditions of a space environment introduce challenges that changes the cellular response to its surroundings. Such an alteration causes physical changes in the extracellular microenvironment, inducing the secretion of cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) from cancer cells to enhance cancer malignancy. Cancer is one of the most prominent cell types to be affected by mechanical cues via active interaction with the tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanism by which cancer cells mechanotransduce in the space environment, as well as the influence of this process on human health, have not been fully elucidated. Due to the growing interest in space biology, this article reviews cancer cell responses to the representative conditions altered in space: microgravity, decompression, and irradiation. Interestingly, cytokine and gene expression that assist in tumor survival, invasive phenotypic transformation, and cancer cell proliferation are upregulated when exposed to both simulated and actual space conditions. The necessity of further research on space mechanobiology such as simulating more complex in vivo experiments or finding other mechanical cues that may be encountered during spaceflight are emphasized.
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