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Functionalized Nanomaterials as Tailored Theranostic Agents in Brain Imaging

Authors
Thangam, RamarPaulmurugan, RamasamyKang, Heemin
Issue Date
1월-2022
Publisher
MDPI
Keywords
functionalized nanomaterials; contrast agents; imaging; delivery; theranostics
Citation
NANOMATERIALS, v.12, no.1
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
NANOMATERIALS
Volume
12
Number
1
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/136583
DOI
10.3390/nano12010018
ISSN
2079-4991
Abstract
Functionalized nanomaterials of various categories are essential for developing cancer nano-theranostics for brain diseases; however, some limitations exist in their effectiveness and clinical translation, such as toxicity, limited tumor penetration, and inability to cross blood-brain and blood-tumor barriers. Metal nanomaterials with functional fluorescent tags possess unique properties in improving their functional properties, including surface plasmon resonance (SPR), superparamagnetism, and photo/bioluminescence, which facilitates imaging applications in addition to their deliveries. Moreover, these multifunctional nanomaterials could be synthesized through various chemical modifications on their physical surfaces via attaching targeting peptides, fluorophores, and quantum dots (QD), which could improve the application of these nanomaterials by facilitating theranostic modalities. In addition to their inherent CT (Computed Tomography), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), PAI (Photo-acoustic imaging), and X-ray contrast imaging, various multifunctional nanoparticles with imaging probes serve as brain-targeted imaging candidates in several imaging modalities. The primary criteria of these functional nanomaterials for translational application to the brain must be zero toxicity. Moreover, the beneficial aspects of nano-theranostics of nanoparticles are their multifunctional systems proportioned towards personalized disease management via comprising diagnostic and therapeutic abilities in a single biodegradable nanomaterial. This review highlights the emerging aspects of engineered nanomaterials to reach and deliver therapeutics to the brain and how to improve this by adopting the imaging modalities for theranostic applications.
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공과대학 (신소재공학부)
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