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Development of the Parental Questionnaire for Cerebral Visual Impairment in Children Younger than 72 Months

Authors
Moon, Jin-HwaKim, Gun-HaKim, Sung KooKim, SeunghyoKim, Young-HoonKim, JoonSikKim, Jin-KyungNoh, Byoungho H.Byeon, Jung HyeYeom, Jung SookEun, Baik-LinEun, So HeeChoi, JieunChung, Hee Jung
Issue Date
7월-2021
Publisher
KOREAN NEUROLOGICAL ASSOC
Keywords
vision disorders; development; neurodevelopmental disorders; preschool children; early diagnosis
Citation
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY, v.17, no.3, pp.354 - 362
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
KCI
Journal Title
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Volume
17
Number
3
Start Page
354
End Page
362
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/137255
DOI
10.3988/jcn.2021.17.3.354
ISSN
1738-6586
Abstract
Background and Purpose Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is an undercliagnosed condition in children, and its assessment tools have focused on older children. We aimed to develop a parental questionnaire for cerebral visual impairment (PQCVI) for screening CVI in young children. Methods The PQCVI comprised 23 questions based on a modified version of I louliston and Dutton's questionnaire for older children. The PQCVI with neurocognitive function tests was applied to 201 child-parent pairs with typically developing children younger than 72 months (age 32.4 +/- 20.1 months, mean +/- standard deviation). The children were classified into six age groups. The normative data, cutoff scores, and internal reliability were assessed and item analysis was performed. We referred to the total score for all questions as the cerebral visual function (CVF) score. Results The normative data showed that the CVF score and the scores corresponding to ventral-stream and dorsal-stream visual functions plausibly increased with age. The scores rapidly reached 90% of their maximum values up to the age of 36 months, after which they increased slowly. Cronbach's alpha for all questions across all age groups was 0.97, showing excellent consistency. The item difficulty and item discrimination coefficients showed that the questions were generally adequate for this age stage. Conclusions The PQCVI items produced reliable responses in children younger than 72 months. The rapid increase in scores before the age of 3 years supports the importance of early identification of CVI. Following additional clinical verification, the PQCVI may be use- fiti for CVI screening.
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