A New Method for Designing Lightweight S-Boxes With High Differential and Linear Branch Numbers, and its Application
- Authors
- Kim, Hangi; Jeon, Yongjin; Kim, Giyoon; Kim, Jongsung; Sim, Bo-Yeon; Han, Dong-Guk; Seo, Hwajeong; Kim, Seonggyeom; Hong, Seokhie; Sung, Jaechul; Hong, Deukjo
- Issue Date
- 2021
- Publisher
- IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
- Keywords
- Ciphers; Cryptography; Side-channel attacks; Resistance; Licenses; Internet of Things; Information security; Lightweight S-boxes; differential and linear branch numbers; higher-order masking
- Citation
- IEEE ACCESS, v.9, pp.150592 - 150607
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- IEEE ACCESS
- Volume
- 9
- Start Page
- 150592
- End Page
- 150607
- URI
- https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/138695
- DOI
- 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3126008
- ISSN
- 2169-3536
- Abstract
- Bit permutations are efficient linear functions often used for lightweight cipher designs. However, they have low diffusion effects, compared to word-oriented binary and maximum distance separable (MDS) matrices. Thus, the security of bit permutation-based ciphers is significantly affected by differential and linear branch numbers (DBN and LBN) of nonlinear functions. In this paper, we introduce a widely applicable method for constructing S-boxes with high DBN and LBN. Our method exploits constructions of S-boxes from smaller S-boxes and it derives/proves the required conditions for smaller S-boxes so that the DBN and LBN of the constructed S-boxes are at least 3. These conditions enable us to significantly reduce the search space required to create such S-boxes. Using the unbalanced-Bridge and unbalanced-MISTY structures, we develop a variety of new lightweight S-boxes that provide not only both DBN and LBN of at least 3 but also efficient bitsliced implementations including at most 11 nonlinear bitwise operations. The new S-boxes are the first that exhibit these characteristics.
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Collections - School of Cyber Security > Department of Information Security > 1. Journal Articles
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