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The Pathophysiology and the Management of Radiocontrast-Induced Nephropathyopen access

Authors
Cho, EunjungKo, Gang-Jee
Issue Date
1월-2022
Publisher
MDPI
Keywords
acute kidney injury; contrast-induced nephropathy; risk factor; pathogenesis; oxidative stress; prevention
Citation
DIAGNOSTICS, v.12, no.1
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
DIAGNOSTICS
Volume
12
Number
1
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/145974
DOI
10.3390/diagnostics12010180
ISSN
2075-4418
Abstract
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an impairment of renal function that occurs after the administration of an iodinated contrast medium (CM). Kidney dysfunction in CIN is considered transient and reversible in most cases. However, it is the third most common cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially in high-risk patients. Diagnostic and interventional procedures that require intravascular CM are being used with increasing frequency, especially among the elderly, who can be particularly susceptible to CIN due to multiple comorbidities. Therefore, identifying the exact mechanisms of CIN and its associated risk factors is crucial not only to provide optimal preventive management for at-risk patients, but also to increase the feasibility of diagnostic and interventional procedure that use CM. CM induces kidney injury by impairing renal hemodynamics and increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species, in addition to direct cytotoxicity. Periprocedural hydration is the most widely accepted preventive strategy to date. Here, we review the latest research results on the pathophysiology and management of CIN.
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