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Enrichment cultivation of VOC-degrading bacteria using diffusion bioreactor and development of bacterial-immobilized biochar for VOC bioremediation

Authors
Chaudhary, Dhiraj KumarPark, Joung-HoKim, Pil -GonOk, Yong SikHong, Yongseok
Issue Date
1-Mar-2023
Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
Keywords
Bioremediation; Volatile organic compounds; Diffusion bioreactor system; Bacteria isolation; Biochar; Bacterial-immobilized biochar
Citation
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, v.320
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume
320
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/190542
DOI
10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121089
ISSN
0269-7491
1873-6424
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been globally reported at various sites. Currently, limited literature is available on VOC bioremediation using bacterial-immobilized biochar (BC-B). In this study, multiple VOC-degrading bacteria were enriched and isolated using a newly designed diffusion bioreactor. The most effective VOC-degrading bacteria were then immobilized on rice husk-derived pristine biochar (BC) to develop BC-B. Finally, the performances of BC and BC-B for VOCs (benzene, toluene, xylene, and trichloroethane) bioreme-diation were evaluated by establishing batch microcosm experiments (Control, C; bioconsortium, BS; pristine biochar, BC; and bacterial-immobilized biochar, BC-B). The results revealed that the newly designed diffusion bioreactor effectively simulated native VOC-contaminated conditions, easing the isolation of 38 diverse ranges of VOC-degrading bacterial strains. Members of the genus Pseudomonas were isolated in the highest (26.33%). The most effective bacterial strain was Pseudomonas sp. DKR-23, followed by Rhodococcus sp. Korf-18, which degraded multiple VOCs in the range of 52-75%. The batch microcosm experiment data showed that BC-B remediated the highest >90% of various VOCs, which was comparatively higher than that of BC, BS, and C. In addition, compared with C, the BS, BC, and BC-B microcosms abundantly reduced the half-life of various VOCs, implying a beneficial impact on the degradation behavior of VOCs. Altogether, this study suggests that a diffusion bioreactor system can be used as a cultivation device for the isolation of a wide range of VOC-degrading bacterial strains, and a compatible combination of biochar and bacteria may be an attractive and promising approach for the sustainable bioremediation of multiple VOCs.
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