Comparison of postoperative outcomes between bilateral axillo-breast approach-robotic thyroidectomy and transoral robotic thyroidectomy

Abstract

Background: The use of robotic systems for thyroidectomy has increased as it enables more diverse approaches than the conventional open method. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of Transoral Robotic Thyroidectomy (TORT) and Bilateral Axillo-Breast Approach-Robotic Thyroidectomy (BABA-RT). Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective study. The included patients who underwent surgery by BABA-RT or TORT approach in our facility between 2008 and 2018. All surgeries were performed by one surgeon. Total thyroidectomy with central node dissection (CND) was performed only if tumors were >4 cm and had extrathyroidal extension, clinically apparent lymph node or distant metastases. In all other cases, lobectomy +/- CND was performed. Results: The group treated with TORT comprised 248 patients and the group that underwent BABA-RT had 316 patients. The number of retrieved lymph node (LN) was higher in the TORT group (4.9 +/- 4.4 vs. 4.2 +/- 4.9; P=0.01). There were no significant differences between the TORT and BABA-RT groups in concerns to the location of the tumor. Postoperative hospital stay was also shorter in the TORT group when compared with the BABA-RT group (2.8 +/- 0.90 vs. 3.4 +/- 0.97 days, P=0.012). Operative time was significantly shorter in the TORT group (204.11 +/- 40.19 vs. 243.78 +/- 57.16 min, P<0.01) Conclusions: When comparing a total of 248 patients treated with TORT versus 316 with BABA-RT. TORT not only has advantages in better cosmetic outcomes with minimized postoperative scars, but also shows comparable, or even superior, surgical outcomes with shorter operation time than the BABA-RT procedure.