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Platelet Factor 4 as a Novel Exosome Marker in MALDI-MS Analysis of Exosomes from Human Serum

Authors
Huu-Quang NguyenLee, DabinKim, YeoseonPaek, MinseokKim, MinsunJang, Kyoung-SoonOh, JooyeonLee, Young-SunYeon, Jong EunLubman, David M.Kim, Jeongkwon
Issue Date
15-10월-2019
Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Citation
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, v.91, no.20, pp.13297 - 13305
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume
91
Number
20
Start Page
13297
End Page
13305
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/62511
DOI
10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04198
ISSN
0003-2700
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized vesicles commonly found in biological fluids as a result of a secretion process involving endosomes and multivesicular bodies. The isolation and analysis of exosomes can be useful for noninvasive clinical diagnosis of a variety of human diseases. We investigated the utility of analyzing exosomal proteins, using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization combined with Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI-FTICR-MS), as a means of determining the presence of exosomes. MALDI-FTICR-MS analyses of exosomes enriched from human serum via centrifugation in a mass range of m/z 1000-20 000 yielded a distinctive protein around m/z 7766. The high mass accuracy and resolution of MALDI-FTICR-MS allowed for reliable comparisons against a protein database, through which the protein was identified as platelet factor 4 (PLF4), whose singly charged protein peak has an elemental composition of C341H577N96O101S4+, with a theoretical most abundant isotopic peak at m/z 7765.194 and a theoretical average peak at m/z 7766. The MALDI-TOF MS analysis of exosomes from the serum of 27 patients with different states of liver diseases provided the most abundant PLF4 peak for each mass spectrum, along with several additional minor peaks. In conclusion, MALDI-MS is suitable as an alternative exosome detection method, serving as a valuable confirmation tool, greatly decreasing the time and workload associated with exosome identification.
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