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Predicting mercury bioavailability in soil for earthworm Eisenia fetida using the diffusive gradients in thin films technique

Authors
Viet Huu NguyenYee, Seah KahHong, YongseokMoon, Deok HyunHan, Seunghee
Issue Date
7월-2019
Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
Keywords
Diffusive gradients in thin films; Bioavailability; Mercury; Earthworms; pH; Peat moss
Citation
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH, v.26, no.19, pp.19549 - 19559
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume
26
Number
19
Start Page
19549
End Page
19559
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/64630
DOI
10.1007/s11356-019-05180-4
ISSN
0944-1344
Abstract
In general, the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique is an effective tool for evaluating metal bioavailability; however, its applicability is subject to the type of metal and organism involved. In this study, the accumulated masses of Hg in DGT probes and in the earthworm species Eisenia fetida were monitored for 10days, to test if the DGT technique can be used as a predicting method for the bioavailability of soil Hg to earthworms. In the Hg exposure tests using soils prepared with different peat moss concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20% and varying pH values of 4.6, 5.6, and 6.2, the experimentally determined DGT-soil accumulation factor (DSAF) and biota-soil accumulation factor (BSAF) both increased as the peat moss content decreased and the pH increased. According to a one compartment model, this was a result of the increased Hg uptake rate constant (k(1)) and the relatively stable Hg elimination constant (k(2)) under lower peat moss and higher pH conditions. It is interesting to note that the Hg uptake rates by DGT and earthworms were considerably higher for fresh soils than for aged soils, while porewater (and acid-extractable) Hg concentrations were rather similar between the two types of soils. Across diverse soil properties, steady-state Hg in earthworm tissue showed a strong positive correlation with DGT-measured Hg flux ([earthworm Hg]=354(DGT-Hg flux)-34, r(2)=0.88), while meager correlations were found between Hg concentration in earthworms and that in porewater (and acid-extractable). The overall results indicate that DGT-measured Hg flux is a better tool than conventional methods for predicting Hg bioavailability for earthworms inhabiting diverse types of soil.
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