Second shot arterial phase to overcome degraded hepatic arterial phase in liver MR imaging

Abstract

ObjectivesSecond shot arterial phase (SSAP) imaging is an additional arterial phase image obtained by re-injecting a small amount of contrast medium after routine dynamic imaging in gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and additional value of a SSAP image in gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI.MethodsOne hundred seventy-two patients who underwent SSAP imaging after re-injection of 4mL of contrast material after routine dynamic imaging (original) in gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRIs were included. Motion artifacts on arterial phase (AP) images were rated using a 5-point scale and were compared between the original AP images and SSAP images. We evaluated visual detection rates of arterial hypervascularity on the original AP and SSAP images and their subtraction images in patients with hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).ResultsThe motion artifact of the SSAP images was significantly lower than that of the original AP images (mean score, 1.76 vs 2.06; p<0.001). In particular, motion artifacts reduced significantly in the SSAP images of patients with substantial motion artifacts in their original AP images (2.28 vs 3.28; p<0.001). Among the 30 HCC lesions showing hypervascularity on original AP images, only four (4/30, 13.3%) appeared hyperintense on SSAP images. However, subtraction images of SSAP clearly demonstrated arterial hypervascularity in all HCCs.ConclusionSSAP images showed significantly fewer motion artifacts than the original AP images. Subtraction images of SSAP maintained the detectability of arterial hypervascularity, although SSAP images showed poor visual detection of arterial hypervascularity of HCC.Key Points center dot Arterial phase images obtained after a second injection of a small amount of contrast medium (second shot arterial phase [SSAP]) improved motion artifacts compared to the original AP images.center dot The motion artifacts improved significantly in the SSAP images of patients with substantial motion artifacts in their original AP images.center dot Subtraction images of SSAP demonstrated the arterial hypervascularity characteristic of HCC at a level comparable to that of the original AP image.