Subtle features of ice with cloudy effects and scratches from collision damage

Abstract

We propose a simulation framework for expressing cloudy effects and scratches on ice caused by the collision of other objects. Cloudy effects are created and diffused in proportion to the collision on the ice surfaces calculated by a combination of a grid-projection technique and the boundary particle method. To prevent dissipation during the diffusion process, a geodesic distance is used as a constraint. Scratches are modeled directionally by analyzing the density gradient of cloudy effects and rendered using needle-shaped ellipsoids. Experiments provide detailed expression of cloudy effects and scratches from collision damage. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.