대학생들의 젠더인식에 따른 여가스포츠 구분에 관한 연구

Abstract

Times have changed, but still many of the gender stereotypes remain in our society(Schmalz & Kerstetter, 2006). Furthermore, different circumstance in society both for men and women highly influenced on their sports and leisure activities’ participation. Many psychologist have recognized the distinct differences with their biological differences and gender identity; masculine or feminine, and social expectation and circumstances individual faced with in everyday life. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to identify the gender stereo types of sport and leisure in Korea, to understand difficulties and barriers of participating various leisure and sports activities in Korea. Firstly, the study analyzed the relationship between gender stereotypes and different leisure sports. The participants have divided different types of sports and its gender type in open-ended questions, major findings are as follow; (1) ‘Men’s leisure sports’: soccer, baseball, rugby, basketball, fishing, wrestling, gymnastics, fishing etc. (2) ‘Women’s leisure sports’: ballet, yoga, dance-sports, jogging, Pilates, aerobics etc. Secondly, the group interview conducted to understand the images of ‘Men’s’ and ‘Women’s’ leisure sports. According to the interview, images of ‘Men’s sports’ were listed as ‘active’, ‘competitive’, ‘physical contact’, ‘dangerous’, ‘powerful’, ‘team-work’ etc. However, images of ‘Women’s sports’ were fairly opposite, it listed as ‘inactive’, ‘not competitive’, ‘individualistic’, ‘beautiful’ and ‘elegant’. Thirdly, the study analyzed social influences which the participants affected by, the findings are; (1) Education; school (2) Social relationship; family, peer group and (3) Media; TV, movie, have been listed. Lastly, the study conducted in-depth interview to understand experiences which the participants have faced with their everyday lives. The study propose the following suggestions for positive changes in our society. First, leisure and sports education in school system needed to change, second, realization of leader might needed and lastly parents should support their children’s diverse interests in sports and leisure activities.