Integrated optimization of facility location and routing for timely emergency disaster response

초록

We develop a novel decision-support model for disaster response operations, the Temporary Medical Center (TMC) Location-Routing Problem with Manpower Allocation (TMCLRPwMA), which integrates decisions regarding and jointly optimizes the placement of TMCs, ambulance routing, and healthcare staff allocation under a limited relief budget. To address the problem's NP-hard nature, we propose a novel metaheuristic method, the Hybrid Genetic Algorithm Plus (HGA+). The proposed mixed-integer linear programming formulation and HGA+ are evaluated across multiple synthetic and real-world instances. Numerical experiments demonstrate that HGA+ consistently achieves near-optimal solutions with superior computational performance relative to exact methods. Sensitivity analyses assess the impact of staffing and budget variations. Finally, we conduct a case study calibrated to Seoul's emergency medical system to demonstrate the model's real-world applicability. The results show that our framework can reduce maximum rescue times and improve equity in patient access compared to a policy-based simulator that replicates current dispatch rules.

키워드