1970년대 초반의 영미관계에 관한 재해석: 제4차 중동 전쟁(1973)의 사례를 중심으로

초록

This article seeks to explore the Anglo-American relationship in theearly 1970s with particular reference to the actions of the two countriesdealing with the Yom Kippur War of October 1973 within the confinesof the United Nations. The article first analyzes the argument that abreakdown of relations between Britain and the United States occurredin the early 1970s due to the pro-European attitude of the then BritishPrime Minister Edward Heath, who had been attempting to distanceBritain from the United States in order to join the European EconomicCommunity. The article then turns its attention to the counter-argumentthat there was no fundamental change in Anglo-American relationsunder Heath. This side pays particular attention to Heath’s support ofAmerica’s policy towards Asia as well as Heath’s readiness to cooperatewith America in formulating a common energy policy in late 1973. Thearticle goes on to argue that the true nature of Anglo-American relationscan be only be clearly understood by analyzing the two countries’ MiddleEast policy and by observing the actions of Britain and the United Stateswithin the United Nations Security Council. The article argues thatBritain’s unwillingness to cooperate with France in the latter’s attemptto prevent American dominance of the ceasefire talks in the Yom KippurWar reflects Britain’s acquiescence of American diplomatic leadership,thus proving the lack of fundamental change in Anglo-Americanrelations during this period.

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