Near-infrared laser-induced fast self-healing and temperature-resistant planar micro-supercapacitor with photothermal organohydrogel and photothermal polyurethane

초록

With the growing demand for high performance wearable energy storage devices, planar micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) have shown the potential advantages of seamless integration with various devices in wearable electronics in addition to high electrochemical performance. Since wearable MSCs fabricated on soft polymer films are especially vulnerable to mechanical deformation, however, it is strongly required to develop MSCs with selfhealing functionality for ensuring reliable performance but still remains challenging. In this study, we present a near-infrared (NIR) laser-induced fast self-healing planar MSC consisting of photothermal polydopamine containing organohydrogel electrolyte (PDA-OHG), photothermal aniline trimers containing polyurethane substrate, and MXene electrode coated on interdigitated gold nanosheet current collector. With the aid of the integrated magnetic alignment layer, our proposed MSC recovers 92 % of its electrochemical capacitance after first healing cycle when the bisected interface is irradiated with an NIR laser for 6 min. The MSC also retains similar to 96 % of its room temperature capacitance over three temperature cycles from -20 to 60 degrees C due to binary ethylene glycol/water solvent used in the hydrogen-bond-rich PDA-OHG electrolyte. Furthermore, a fully self-healing and stretchable MSC array constructed with liquid metal EGaIn interconnections exhibits mechanical stability up to a 30 % tensile strain. Using an in-plane integrated patch of the MSC and PDA-OHG strain sensor, we successfully detect finger and wrist bending motions even after healing from complete bisection, demonstrating the potential of our photothermally rapid self-healing MSC as an integrated energy storage device for durable wearable electronics.

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