日本平安後期∼中世初の物語作品における 巫女像に関する一考察

초록

The purpose of this study is to examine how shamans are portrayed in Japanese literary works from the late Heian period to the early Middle Ages, especially Gunki-Monogatari and Rekishi-Monogatari, which have not been mainly dealt with in previous studies. In the literature of the early to middle Heian period, the use of shamans was mentioned very few and fragmentarily, and most of them had negative images. In contrast, shamans in Monogatari works of the late Heian and early Middle Ages were depicted as prophets, prayers, and oracles related to politics, and were also depicted as evil shamans, and their proportions and technical attitudes were markedly changed compared to the previous period. In addition, the titles and terminology of shamans appearing in literary works during this period also diversified, with Kana titles such as “Kannagi”, “Kuchiyose”, and “Miko”, as well as kana titles such as “巫”, “巫女”, “神子”, and “御子”. In particular, the title “Miko” existed in ancient literature, but disappeared from early and mid-Heian literature, and the image of the term as a descendant of the gods and the bearer of the gods is a phenomenon linked to the change in the image of shamans at that time. These changes in the image of shamans in literature can be said to be deeply related to the background of the time, such as the existence of a shaman named Naishi who colluded with the gods and the Heike in the Middle Ages. In addition, this is an issue that is linked to the change in the main literary genre, such as the transition from Dynastic-Monogatari to Rekishi-Monogatari and Gunki-Monogatari in the flow of literary history, as well as changes in the person in charge of literature.

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