Structure, anti-cancer properties, and potential mechanism of a biological active polysaccharide from<i> Platycodon</i><i> grandiflorum</i>

초록

Polysaccharides serve as a source of energy for organisms and play a crucial role in various life activities, exhibiting a wide array of biological functions. To develop bioactive polysaccharides for combating cancer, PGP40-2B, a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 7.05 x 103 g/mol, has been isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum, which is a traditional medicinal and edible plant with multiple functions. PGP40-2B was found to be mainly formed from several fragments including -*2)-alpha-L-Araf-(1-*, -*5)-alpha-L-Araf-(1-*, -*3,4)-alpha-LRhap-(1-*, -*4)-alpha-D-GalpA-(1-*, -*6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-*, and alpha-D-Galp-(1-*. In addition to the structural characteristics characterized by various techniques, PGP40-2B was biologically assessed using zebrafish models and was found to exhibit in vivo antitumor effects. Subsequent mechanism studies suggested that the antitumor activity in vivo of PGP40-2B was not caused by cytotoxic mechanisms but was related to its targeting of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) to inhibit angiogenesis and activate immunity.

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