Using triethylenetetramine and carbonization to control the orientation of manganese-doped ZIF-8 on cotton fabric for high-energy flexible supercapacitors

초록

The ion-exchange capabilities and strong responsiveness of nanostructures present promising opportunities for flexible supercapacitor electrodes. However, delivering high areal capacitances and stabilities when mechanically deformed remains challenging. In this study, we uniformly grew Mn-doped ZIF-8 nanoplates on cotton fabric using a water-mediated nucleation and ion-coordination process, with controlled carbonization then used to produce Mn-ZnO-decorated conductive flexible carbon (Mn-ZnO@CFC). The introduction of MnSO4 and triethylenetetramine facilitated the formation of hierarchical hexagonal morphology, which secured structural stability and increased electrochemical surface area (ECSA). The optimal Mn2-ZnO@CFC electrode exhibited a high areal capacitance (1.575 F center dot cm(-2)), and electrochemical stability (96% capacitance retention after 30,000 cycles). The symmetric supercapacitor operates over a wide voltage window (0-1.6 V) in 6 M KOH electrolyte, delivering an areal energy density of 560 mu Wh center dot cm(-2). Electrode performance was maintained during bending, which highlights its potential for use in flexible and wearable energy-storage devices. The synergistic interaction between the Mn dopant and the conductive carbon network suggests that the ZIF-derived electrode is a promising candidate for use in flexible supercapacitors.

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