F-18-THK5351 PET Positivity and Longitudinal Changes in Cognitive Function in beta-Amyloid-Negative Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

초록

Purpose: Neuroinflammation is considered an important pathway associated with several diseases that result in cognitive decline.18F-THK5351 positron emission tomography (PET) signals might indicate the presence of neuroinflammation, as well as Alzheimer's disease-type tau aggregates. B-amyloid (AB)-negative (AB-) amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) may be associated with non-Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology. Accordingly, we investigated associations between 18F-THK5351 PET positivity and cognitive decline among AB- aMCI patients. Materials and Methods: The present study included 25 amyloid PET negative aMCI patients who underwent a minimum of two follow-up neuropsychological evaluations, including clinical dementia rating-sum of boxes (CDR-SOB). The patients were classified into two groups:18F-THK5351-positive and-negative groups. The present study used a linear mixed effects model to estimate the effects of 18F-THK5351 PET positivity on cognitive prognosis among AB- aMCI patients. Results: Among the 25 AB- aMCI patients, 10 (40.0%) were 18F-THK5351 positive. The patients in the 18F-THK5351-positive group were older than those in the 18F-THK5351-negative group (77.4 +/- 2.2 years vs. 70.0 +/- 5.5 years; p<0.001). There was no difference between the two groups with regard to the proportion of apolipoprotein E c4 carriers. Interestingly, however, the CDR-SOB scores of the 18F-THK5351-positive group deteriorated at a faster rate than those of the 18F-THK5351-negative group (B=0.003, p=0.033). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that increased 18F-THK5351 uptake might be a useful predictor of poor prog- nosis among AB- aMCI patients, which might be associated with increased neuroinflammation (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02656498).

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