민스트럴 쇼 역사의 재고: Uncle Tom’s Cabin의 출판 전후를 중심으로

초록

To fully analyze the most controversial plays of this century, it is important to understand the historical development of the nineteenth-century blackface minstrel show. Jim Crow was invented by T.D. Rice and the classic minstrel show created by Christy Minstrel consisted of three parts. Part I consisted of comic dialogue between the interlocutors and Tambo & Bones with songs by Stephen Foster. Part II was literally an Olio and Part III was often a skit set on a Southern plantation featuring stereotypical black characters portraying idealized plantation life and happy slaves. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin changed the theatrical scene. Two stage adaptations of the novel were distinct. Aiken’s version blended minstrelsy and melodrama, and the third part of Christy Minstrel frequently turned into a minstrel burlesque of the novel. After the Civil War, Christy Minstrel shows declined and all stage versions were categorized as Tom Shows. Since Tom Shows have been known as minstrelsy in the twentieth century, it becomes impossible to analyze some of the provocative pieces inspired by the structure of the classic minstrel show. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the history of Christy Minstrel and Tom shows. In this way, this paper encourages further research on the classic minstrel structure, as The Scottsboro Boys and Tambo & Bones were inspired by Part I. Young Jean Lee’s The Shipment was a deconstruction of Olio, and Branden Jacobs-Jenkins’ Neighbors dealt with the conflict of the Zip Coon character from Part II with the black minstrel families that Part III and the Tom Shows brought together. These plays can only be evaluated by understanding classic minstrel structure.

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