중국 문화안보 담론의 전환과 문화산업의 안보화

초록

This study analyzes, from a political–economic perspective, how China’s discourse on “cultural security” has undergone structural transformation in its processes of formation, expansion, and institutionalization, and how it has become intertwined with policies governing the cultural industry and cultural content. Contemporary Chinese cultural security extends beyond the protection of cultural identity or ideological management; it has been reconstituted as an integrated national security framework encompassing cultural industries, market regulation, and the broader order of content circulation. During the Jiang Zemin era and the first term of Hu Jintao’s leadership, cultural security primarily functioned as a defensive concept associated with ideology, thought, and regime stability, without developing into a comprehensive policy domain. However, in Hu Jintao’s second term, cultural security increasingly converged with policies promoting cultural industries, restructuring cultural markets, regulating digital content, governing enterprises, and establishing legal mechanisms. Under Xi Jinping, particularly following the introduction of the “Comprehensive National Security,” cultural security was formalized and repositioned as a central component of national strategy. The integration of cultural industry policy with the discourse of cultural security redefined cultural assets simultaneously as industrial and strategic resources, thereby transforming the securitization of culture into a key mechanism of China’s national strategy. This analysis demonstrates that Chinese cultural security has evolved from an ideologically defensive discourse into a structured policy framework that links cultural industries with national strategic objectives.

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