MicroSynapse: A brain-inspired coplanar micro-supercapacitor for bridging capacitive energy storage and neuromorphic functionality

초록

This study investigates the interplay between capacitive and synaptic characteristics of MXene-NiO microsupercapacitors (M-SCs), highlighting their potential for technological advancements. While most research focuses on resistive switching and memristive behavior, the ability of capacitors to emulate brain-inspired synaptic functions remains largely unexplored. An M-SC synapse is introduced, leveraging nonlinear ion transport in MXene-NiO composites to achieve synaptic behavior. A high-performance M-SC was fabricated using a costeffective 3D stamping method with MXene-NiO composite ink. The device exhibits an impressive areal capacitance of 3053 mF/cm2 at a current density of 10 mu A/cm2, achieving a maximum energy density of 152 Wh/kg and a power density of 600 W/kg. It maintains 77 % stability over 10,000 cycles at 40 mu A/cm2, demonstrating excellent electrochemical durability. Notably, the device exhibits nonlinear, brain-inspired learning and forgetting behaviors, achieving highly reliable and reproducible synaptic performance for over 25,000 cycles. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of the MXene-NiO composite material was evaluated through in vitro (hemolysis and cell viability) and in ovo (angiogenesis) studies. These results not only advance supercapacitor technology but also provide a basis for exploring all-capacitive synaptic features, paving the way for innovations in neuromorphic computing and energy storage.

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