Multimodal biomedical utility of polyaniline-based supramolecular nanomaterials

초록

Polyaniline (PANi), multifunctional organic conjugated polymer, is inexpensive, flexible, and easy to manufacture, while offering a high yield, environmental stability, a high charge transporting capacity, simple redox chemistry, and numerous supramolecular nanostructure designs. For the first time, this review specifically focuses on the advancement of multimodal PANi nanomaterials in the field of biomedicine for its potential applications in nanomedicine, biosensors, tissue engineering, and wound healing, while addressing the limitations and potential biocompatibility and safety regulations to be overcome for clinical translation. In particular, PANi has been employed in photo-theranostics as a component of targeted therapies that destroy tumors via photothermal heat generated by PANi under infrared light illumination. PANi-based photoacoustic imaging also offers real-time therapy monitoring. PANi has also been widely employed in biosensor development, especially for biosensing glucose, peroxide, nucleic acid, cholesterol, immune cytokines, and phenols. In addition, PANi is utilized in tissue engineering applications related to cardiac, nerve, skeletal muscle, and bone tissue. PANi-based nanosystems are also useful for wound-dressing applications. We present a multimodal view of PANi and its physicochemical properties, current research aiming to improve the solubility and biodegradability of PANi, recently emerging applications in biomedical theranostics, and the future challenges that need to be addressed to confirm the clinical utility of this nanomaterial. Overall, the therapeutic multimodality of PANi supramolecular chemistry exhibits considerable potential for use in biomedical research and applications.

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