Dynamic assessment of electrification pathways for heating and hot water in Korean Multi-Family residential buildings

초록

The electrification of heating and domestic hot-water systems in Korean multi-family residential buildings is not well understood, as most studies overlook their distinct hydronic features-low-temperature radiant-floor heating, synchronized DHW demand, and large vertical distribution losses. This study develops an integrated TRNSYS-based dynamic framework that captures these constraints and evaluates stepwise electrification pathways rather than only end-state systems. After screening key design variables to establish realistic boundary conditions, four transition scenarios are assessed: a boiler baseline, a hybrid retrofit with central ASHP DHW, a mixed system with individual ASHP heating and central DHW, and a fully individual ASHP configuration. Results show that the fully individual system delivers the highest seasonal efficiency, reducing primary energy use and CO2 emissions by up to 43% and 41% relative to the baseline. Intermediate stages also offer practical benefits, with hybrid and mixed configurations improving feasibility and reducing gas use under existing hydronic constraints. Overall, the study provides a practical and context-specific assessment framework for electrifying highdensity apartment buildings, emphasizing that effective decarbonization requires staged, system-specific transition strategies tailored to Korean building conditions.

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