GraMA: A gradient matrix-guided assignment method for solving qubit mapping problems

초록

Qubit mapping is a crucial compilation process that assigns logical qubits from quantum circuits to physical qubits on quantum hardware, ensuring efficient and reliable execution on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers. However, as the scale of quantum computers and circuit complexity increase, existing mapping approaches face significant computational complexity and suboptimal mapping quality. This work formulates the logic-to-physical qubit mapping problem as a matrix-form optimization problem to address scalability and computational efficiency challenges. The proposed method computes the gradient of the matrix-formulated problem through a single matrix differentiation and uses it as guidance to determine the enhanced qubit assignment, without the need for iterative combinatorial exploration and optimization solvers. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves comparable execution reliability while significantly reducing the compilation time, even for multi-programming scenarios and large-scale quantum computers.

키워드