Recent advancement in transition metal selenide electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors: A comprehensive review

초록

Advances in high-performance flexible energy storage devices are essential for enabling the unified integration and multifunctional operation of wearable electronics. Transition metal selenides have emerged as a promising class of electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their higher electronic conductivity, multiple oxidation states, favorable redox behavior, and tunable structural flexibility. This work comprehensively reviews recent developments in the design, fabrication, and electrochemical performance of transition metal selenides for supercapacitor applications. Various synthesis processes are systematically discussed with emphasis on their effects on surface morphology, crystal structure, and charge storage mechanisms. The inherent advantages of selenides, including low bandgap, enhanced charge transport properties, and rich valence chemistry, are compared with those of oxides, sulfides, phosphates, and phosphides, highlighting their potential to deliver improved specific capacitance, power density, and cycling stability. Additionally, this review addresses critical challenges such as poor long-term stability, limited ion diffusion, and structural degradation that hinder electrochemical performance. The energy storage mechanisms of transition metal selenides and effective strategies for improving their performance are discussed. This article reviews recent advancements in transition metal selenide-based supercapacitors and highlights their advantages as electrode materials and progress toward highperformance supercapacitor devices.

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