주희의 공(公) 개념으로 본 「백록동서원게시」의 교육학적 함의

초록

This study interprets the educational significance of the Bailudong Academy Articles of Learning (白鹿洞書院揭示) through Zhu Xi’s concept of gong (公). It analyzes gong in its ontological, moral, and practical dimensions and relates these dimensions to educational aim, content, and method. The study argues that learning for oneself (爲己之學), grounded in the moral distinction between the publicness of heavenly principle (天理之公) and the self-centeredness of human desire (人欲之私), signifies not private success but public self-realization. The Five Teachings (五敎之目), grounded in the ontological structure of li-yi-fen-shu (理一分殊), illustrate heavenly principle (天理) is realized within human relationships. Meanwhile, the Order of Learning (爲學之序), together with the principles of self-cultivation (修己), handling affairs (處事), and engaging with others (接物), reflects the practical dimension of gong by providing a path for overcoming the partiality of human desire (人欲) and advancing toward publicly oriented practice. Thus, the Bailudong Academy Articles of Learning can be understood as an educational program in which the three dimensions of Zhu Xi’s concept of gong are organically embodied in the pedagogical categories of aim, content, and method.

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