Self-degradable poly(lactic acid) for accelerated soil biodegradation via enzyme activity-preserving encapsulation

초록

Although poly(lactic acid) (PLA) degrades under industrial composting conditions, its degradation under milder environments is limited. Embedding enzymes, such as proteinase K (PK), into polymer matrices can enhance degradation, yet challenges such as enzyme deactivation during high-temperature extrusion and high enzyme costs hinder practical applications. To overcome these limitations, we develop a hydrophilic, enzyme-compatible matrix with a low melting point and low crystallinity to stably embed enzymes in PLA. This matrix, based on poly(propylene succinate) and calcium carboxymethyl cellulose, enables uniform enzyme dispersion, resulting in a similar to 1.8-times increase in catalytic activity, thermal stability up to 150 degrees C, and the preservation of enzymatic activity for up to 17 days. Enzyme-embedded PLA films containing this matrix exhibit sufficient mechanical properties for packaging applications. Furthermore, the biodegradation rate of these films reaches 40%, which is similar to 2.6-times higher than that of PLA under composting conditions. The degradation products show no adverse effects on soil health. This enzyme-mediated degradation system represents a scalable platform with broad applicability for sustainable polymer development.

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