Comparison of High-Dose versus Low-Dose Paclitaxel Drug-Coated Balloons for Native Femoropopliteal Artery Disease: An Analysis of the K-VIS ELLA Registry

초록

Purpose: Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) have demonstrated favorable outcomes in the treatment of femoropopliteal artery (FPA) disease. A variety of DCBs are currently available, with differing doses of antiproliferative agents and types of excipients. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose versus low-dose paclitaxel DCBs for the treatment of FPA disease. Materials and Methods: We analyzed data from the multicenter the Korean Vascular Intervention Society Endovascular Therapy in Lower Limb Artery Diseases (K-VIS ELLA) registry, focusing on patients treated with a high-dose paclitaxel DCB (IN.PACTTM) or low-dose paclitaxel DCB (LutonixTM or RangerTM) for native vessel FPA disease. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting to adjust for confounding factors and conducted subgroup analyses based on lesion characteristics. Results: Among 820 target limbs, 626 were treated with a high-dose paclitaxel DCB, and 194 were treated with a low-dose paclitaxel DCB. At 12 months, there were no significant differences in rates of freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR; 91.7% vs. 89.4%, log-rank p=0.35), major adverse limb event (MALE; 91.4% vs. 89.0%, log-rank p=0.31), or all-cause mortality (93.1% vs. 93.8%, log-rank p=0.79) between high-dose and low-dose groups. On multivariable analysis, the presence of chronic heart failure and chronic kidney disease were the only independent predictors of clinically driven TLR after DCB treatment. Conclusion: In this multicenter cohort study of patients with complex FPA disease, there were no significant differences between high-dose DCB and low-dose DCB with respect to freedom from clinically driven TLR, MALE, or all-cause mortality at 12-month follow-up. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier : NCT02748226

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