국가별 농업경쟁력 평가를 위한 지표개발

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine and compare Korea’s international competitiveness in agriculture in world markets. For this we develop two competitiveness indices that are based on the result-cause-basis framework: National Agricultural Competitiveness Index (NACI) and Agricultural Commodity Competitiveness Index (ACCI). The NACI measures a country’s aggregate competitiveness of agriculture in world market. The ACCI measures a country’s competitiveness of a specific commodity in the target market. The indices are development based on four principles: comparability, boundedness, mutually exclusiveness, and public availability. The data used are quantitative ones from internationally accredited institutions so that the results are reliable. The national agricultural competitiveness of 34 OECD member countries is measured using the NACI. The results show that the national competitiveness of Korea’s agriculture is ranked in the 21st place although the basis index is in the 3rd place. This implies that the massive inputs into the agricultural sector in Korea are not adequately delivered to the final competitiveness. According to the results of the ACCI of four commodities in the Korean market, Korea is the most competitive in rice followed by red pepper, grapes, and beef. For the four commodities, the price competitiveness is the lowest while the quality competitiveness and the consumer royalty to the domestic products are relatively high.