지방자치단체 간 공무원 이동의 현실: 전출의 유형과 맥락

Abstract

This study explores the reasons and structures of civil servants’ departures from one local government to another. Although the local government employee exchange system officially aims to improve governmental efficiency and a balanced redistribution of human resources within local governments, this system has caused an imbalance of human resource redistribution with regard to rural local governments. This study analyzed why rural local government employees want to transfer into other local governments. Their desire to move can be divided into five types of needs as follows: the need to return to their hometowns, to live with parents or a spouse living in another city, to live in a big city offering convenient public services, to have a chance at promotion,and to reduce their workload. As a result, the major reasons public employees’ move to and from rural local governments are the need to live in big cities, to return to their hometown, and to be promoted. Moreover, the structures that generate these needs are considered as follows:first, the structure that enables hiring by local governments in non-hometowns, second,the inducement of a career for public employees by municipal governments, and third,the imbalanced structure of regional development among local governments. Under these conditions, the public officials in local governments want and look forward to living and working in big and convenient cities. In other words, the main reason was not just the interchange of the personnel system itself but the interweaving of the public servants’ various social needs. Therefore, in order to make the local government personnel system more stable, the study suggests reinforcing the recruitment of public officials from their hometowns and having better personnel planning cooperation between municipal and local governments.