Annulus Fibrosus Cells Interact With Neuron-Like Cells to Modulate Production of Growth Factors and Cytokines in Symptomatic Disc Degeneration
- Authors
- Moon, Hong Joo; Kim, Joo Han; Lee, Hack Sun; Chotai, Silky; Kang, James D.; Suh, Jung Keun; Park, Youn-Kwan
- Issue Date
- 1-1월-2012
- Publisher
- LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
- Keywords
- AF cells; cytokines; growth factors; neovascularization; nerve ingrowth; SH-SY5Y cell line
- Citation
- SPINE, v.37, no.1, pp.2 - 9
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- SPINE
- Volume
- 37
- Number
- 1
- Start Page
- 2
- End Page
- 9
- URI
- https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/109114
- DOI
- 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31820cd2d8
- ISSN
- 0362-2436
- Abstract
- Study Design. We hypothesized that AF/neuron interactions during annular injury were involved in neovascularization and nerve ingrowth, the pathologic hallmarks of symptomatic disc degeneration. Objective. To identify growth factors and inflammatory cytokines related to AF/neuron interactions using in vitro model. Summary of Background Data. Discogenic pain is the chronic intractable pain initiated by tears in the outer annulus fibrosus (AF); this is a unique structure with free nerve endings at outer one-third, located beside dorsal root ganglia. The relationship between AF and neuron cells in annular injury has not been extensively investigated. Methods. Human AF cells were cocultured with a retinoic acid (RA)-treated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line (neuron-like cells). Conditioned media from cells cultured alone or in coculture were assayed for growth factors and inflammatory cytokines using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The responses of the neuron-like cells, the AF cells, and the cocultured group to IL-1 beta/TNF-alpha were compared using the same outcome measures. Results. RA-treated SH-SY5Y cells showed significant neurite outgrowth on the 7th day; this is a typical morphologic finding of neuron-like cells. Neuron-like cells produced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and IGF-1 under basal conditions and dose-dependently secreted small amounts of IL-8 in response to TNF-alpha. Coculturing enhanced the secretion of VEGF, TGF-beta 1, and beta-NGF, and suppressed the production of IGF-1. VEGF in the coculture group and the AF cells was downregulated by IL-1 beta/TNF-alpha stimulation. IL-1 beta/TNF-alpha stimulation enhanced the production of large amounts of IL-6 and IL-8 from AF cells; IL-1 beta produced a greater response than TNF-alpha. The neuron-like cells did not produce detectable amounts of IL-6 or IL-8. Conclusion. These studies suggest that AF cells are involved in an inflammatory reaction and that the interactions between AF and neuron-like cells enhance the production of growth factors responsible for neovascularization and nerve ingrowth. AF injury has the potential to initiate neovascularization/nerve ingrowth and an inflammatory reaction through the interactions of AF and neural tissues.
- Files in This Item
- There are no files associated with this item.
- Appears in
Collections - College of Medicine > Department of Medical Science > 1. Journal Articles
Items in ScholarWorks are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.