중남미 공동체주의와 자유주의의 관계와 공동체적 자유주의 모색

Abstract

In 19th century, the conflict between Catholic Communitarianism backed up by Federalism and Enlightened Liberalism focused on Centralism and free trade in Latin America led to civil war and the whole Republic was torn out till enlightened dictatorship to establish Modernity and, much later on, the revolt of people claiming for communitarian interest. Is the relation between Liberalism and Communitarianism like Möbius strip which can not be connected with each other? I would like to trace back to the very beginning part of conflict of two major political ideologies in Latin American history of thought focusing on Simón Bolívar and José Martí and search for the conjunction of two ideologies like the possibility of Communitarian Liberalism. For the conjunction of traditional and modern political discourse in Latin American context, I would like to focus on the Ethics of Liberation as an alternative to replace such a conjuncture. In Dussel's view, there lies inevitable ‘colonial difference’ between Western and Non-Western world. The Ethics of Liberation calls for the recognition of exteriority of other in global community of life. Ideological Communitarianism's vision somehow strengthens Dussel's claim. The major shortcut for the road to the good society in ideological Communitarianism is harmonious coordination between state, market and community. The fortification of community movements like MTB in Brasil and Ferias Cooperativas in Ecuador is not only a pathway for an alternative society but also for better and communitarian society along with democratic state and fair market.