계획된 행동이론(TPB)을 적용한 저소득층 아동의 구강건강행동 예측요인에 관한 연구

Abstract

Objectives: We analyzed the factors influencing the oral health behavior of children from a low socio-economic status. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) was used to build a hypothetical model for this study. The past oral health behavior was added to strengthen the prediction model and lay the groundwork for the development of oral health promotion programs tailored to low income class children. Methods: Data were gathered from July 24 to November 23, 2008, from. 634 elementary children in 20 local children’s centers in Incheon Metropolitan City. The children agreed to be surveyed and participate in an oral health education program. After the first survey, they participated in an oral health education program, and a second survey was taken immediately after the program concluded, with a third survey following two weeks later. Incomplete surveyes were excluded, leaving responses from 501 students were analyzed with SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 5.0 using multiple regression analysis and structural equation model(SEM)Results: The children's intention of oral health behavior was predicted by their attitude to oral health behavior (ß=.35), subjective norms (ß=.32), perceived behavioral control (ß=.22) and past oral health behavior (ß=.13). Their actual oral health behavior two weeks later was predicted by past oral health behavior (ß=.52) and intentionality of oral health behavior (ß=.24). All goodness values (x2/df=1.910, GFI=.955, AGFI=.937, NFI=.927, NNFI=.955) were good except the x2 value and RMR value (.295), indicating that the model was generally good. Conclusions: The TPB model was a good predictor of children's oral health behavior from lower-income classes. The development, application, and evaluation of oral health education programs geared toward local children's centers mainly used by low income children are required to help improve children's oral health behavior.