Obesity, Abdominal Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease in Young Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
- Authors
- Bae, Eun Hui; Lim, Sang Yeob; Jung, Jin-Hyung; Oh, Tae Ryom; Choi, Hong Sang; Kim, Chang Seong; Ma, Seong Kwon; Han, Kyung-Do; Kim, Soo Wan
- Issue Date
- 3월-2021
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Keywords
- obesity; abdominal obesity; chronic kidney disease; body mass index; waist circumference; diabetes mellitus; korean
- Citation
- JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE, v.10, no.5, pp.1 - 13
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
- Volume
- 10
- Number
- 5
- Start Page
- 1
- End Page
- 13
- URI
- https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/128485
- DOI
- 10.3390/jcm10051065
- ISSN
- 2077-0383
- Abstract
- Obesity has become a pandemic. It is one of the strongest risk-factors of new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the effects of obesity and abdominal obesity on the risk of developing CKD in young adults has not been elucidated. From a nationwide health screening database, we included 3,030,884 young adults aged 20-39 years without CKD during a baseline examination in 2009-2010, who could follow up during 2013-2016. Patients were stratified into five levels based on their baseline body mass index (BMI) and six levels based on their waist circumference (WC; 5-cm increments). The primary outcome was the development of CKD. During the follow up, until 2016, 5853 (0.19%) participants developed CKD. Both BMI and WC showed a U-shaped relationship with CKD risk, identifying the cut-off values as a BMI of 21 and WC of 72 cm in young adults. The obesity group (odd ratio [OR] = 1.320, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.247-1.397) and abdominal obesity group (male WC >= 90, female WC >= 85) (OR = 1.208, 95%CI: 1.332-1.290) showed a higher CKD risk than the non-obesity or non-abdominal obesity groups after adjusting for covariates. In the CKD risk by obesity composite, the obesity displayed by the abdominal obesity group showed the highest CKD risk (OR = 1.502, 95%CI: 1.190-1.895), especially in those under 30 years old. During subgroup analysis, the diabetes mellitus (DM) group with obesity or abdominal obesity paradoxically showed a lower CKD risk compared with the non-obesity or non-abdominal obesity group. Obesity and abdominal obesity are associated with increased risk of developing CKD in young adults but a decreased risk in young adults with diabetes.
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