Skin-Healing Properties of Ginsenoside Rd against Ultraviolet-B-Induced Photooxidative Stress through Up-Regulation of Antioxidant Components in HaCaT Keratinocytes
- Authors
- Lee, Yoonjin; Lim, Hye-Won; Yoon, Ji-Young; Lee, Suyeon; Ryu, In Wang; Park, Minsik; Chi, Young Min; Lim, Chang-Jin
- Issue Date
- Jan-2021
- Publisher
- WOLTERS KLUWER MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS
- Keywords
- Ginsenoside Rd; glutathione; promatrix-metalloproteinase-2; reactive oxygen species; superoxide dismutase; ultraviolet-B radiation
- Citation
- PHARMACOGNOSY MAGAZINE, v.17, no.73, pp.134 - 139
- Indexed
- SCIE
- Journal Title
- PHARMACOGNOSY MAGAZINE
- Volume
- 17
- Number
- 73
- Start Page
- 134
- End Page
- 139
- URI
- https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/129509
- DOI
- 10.4103/pm.pm_319_20
- ISSN
- 0973-1296
- Abstract
- Background: Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is a traditional herbal medicine used worldwide today. Ginsenoside Rd (Rd), one of its main ginsenosides, has been ascertained to have various pharmacological efficacies including neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. Objectives: This work assesses the antioxidant and protective potentials of Rd against ultraviolet (UV)-B-induced skin photooxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes. Materials and Methods: Cell viability was detected using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Promatrix metalloproteinase-2 (proMMP-2) activity and protein were detected using gelatin zymography and western analysis. Total glutathione (GSH) content and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were spectrophotometrically determined. Results: Rd, at varying concentrations nontoxic to HaCaT keratinocytes, attenuated the UV-B-induced ROS generation. Rd at 5, 12, and 30 mu M attenuated the UV-B-induced proMMP-2 gelatinolytic activities to 59.3% +/- 9.5%, 41.3% +/- 9.5%, and 13.1% +/- 8.9%, respectively, of those of the non-treated control cells. It could also diminish the UV-B-induced proMMP-2 protein levels. Rd at 5, 12, and 30 mu M augmented the UV-B-reduced total SOD activities to 1.6 +/- 0.2-, 2.4 +/- 0.3-, and 3.2 +/- 0.2-fold of those of the non-treated control cells, respectively. Rd could up-regulate the UV-B-reduced total GSH. Conclusion: Rd has counteracting properties against elevated ROS and proMMP-2 and attenuated GSH and SOD under UV-B irradiation, implying that it possesses a protective activity against photoaging possibly through up-regulating antioxidant components. These findings suggest that Rd can be considered as a novel natural resource for anti-photoaging functional cosmetics.
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