현대중국어 방향보어와 ‘了’의 관계 고찰

Abstract

Despite an obvious morphological difference between ‘Directional Verb Complement(DVC)’ and ‘DVC+Le(了),’ previous studies didn’t verify the difference clearly, simply concluding DVC alone can present results of an event regardless of ‘Le.’ In the process that the speaker delivers an actual motion event, however, the speaker can use a morphologically different syntax depending on which situational time he or she focuses on during the speech. As such, this paper attempted to investigate how ‘DVC’ and ‘DVC+Le’ are morphologically different from each other. First of all, it examined ‘directional’ of ‘DVC’ and ‘resultative’ of ‘Le’ and found that the directional corresponds to the ＜path＞ of a motion event, and ‘Le’ to Phase Verb Compliment(PVC) ‘Le3.’ Also, based on Bondarko’s suggestion that the speaker selects ‘localization of the situation time’ as well as ‘non-localization of the situation time’ before making a speech, it investigated the structure of ‘DVC’ and ‘DVC+Le.’ As a result, it was found that ‘non-localization of the situation time’ is not applied to ‘DVC’ and ‘DVC+Le’ as it is a way of delivering the speaker’s own interpretation and information, rather than in the observer’s perspective. It is because ‘DVC’ and ‘DVC+Le’ are adopted when the speaker witnesses a motion event as an observer and tries to describe it in his or her own term. Next, when localizing the situational time, ‘DVC’ was close to ‘durative’ since it is a realistic and detailed expression of how a motion event takes place and continues. Meanwhile, in the same setting, ‘DVC+Le’ was close to ‘perfective’ as the speaker not only describes the results of a motion event, but also implies the results continue at the time of the speech.