戰後 ‘漢奸’ 재판과 한간의 對日 협력론 ― 재판 정황과 ‘협력적 민족주의’ ―

Abstract

This article examines the trials of “Chinese traitors”(hanjian) carried out by the Nationalists immediately after the Sino-Japanese War, focusing on the formalities of judicial process and the ‘collaborative nationalism’ advocated by the accused Hanjian. According to the author, the Nationalist Government made various rules to purge the wartime collaborators, of which the most important were the ‘Ordinance to punish the Hanjian’ and the ‘Ordinance on the Hanjian case’, successively promulgated in the end of 1945. In addition, the Hanjian were to be punished in confirmative with the ‘Ordinance on the special criminal case’ issued in the end of 1944. These regulations on the Hanjian punishment clearly prescribed the categories of the Hanjian and court procedures concerning their trials. The accused Hanjian could defend themselves according to the rules, writing confessions, justifying their collaborative activities, and refuting the indictment by the prosecutors. Through these self justification of collaboration with Japan advocated by the Hanjian, the author classifies their ‘collaborative nationalism’ into four different points: advocacy of their inmost feelings to the nation, discourse of their contribution to resistance war, claim of harmlessness of their collaboration toward the nation, and assertion of national salvation through anti-communist activities. The Hanjian’s collaborative nationalism, however, can not be called ‘collaborationism’ on the grounds that the Hanjian did not identified themselves with the Japanese occupiers in the level of ideology such as the ‘Sphere of the Great East Asian Co-prosperity’, author indicates. The article concludes that Hanjian trials after the War not only purged the wartime collaborators, but also put an end to their collaborative nationalism under the name of the law, in the wake of which the modern history of China could be written according to the monolithic ‘resistant nationalism’.