beta-Defensin 2, an Antimicrobial Peptide, as a Novel Biomarker for Ulcerative Interstitial Cystitis; Can beta-Defensin 2 Suspect the Dysbiosis of Urine Microbiota?<br>
- Authors
- Lee, Sang Wook; Kim, Si Hyun; Lee, Kwang Woo; Kim, Woong Bin; Choi, Hae Woong; Moon, Ji Eun; Moon, Ahrim; Kim, Young Ho
- Issue Date
- 11월-2021
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Keywords
- interstitial cystitis; biomarkers; urine specimen collection; antimicrobial peptide; beta-defensins
- Citation
- DIAGNOSTICS, v.11, no.11
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- DIAGNOSTICS
- Volume
- 11
- Number
- 11
- URI
- https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/135943
- DOI
- 10.3390/diagnostics11112082
- ISSN
- 2075-4418
- Abstract
- As urine is not sterile, inflammatory reactions caused by dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota may induce interstitial cystitis. A study was conducted to determine whether beta-defensin 2 (BD-2), a specific antimicrobial peptide in the bladder, could be used as a novel diagnostic marker for ulcerative interstitial cystitis (IC). Urine samples from three female groups were examined: healthy controls (n = 34, Control group), non-Hunner type IC (n = 40, NHIC group), and Hunner type IC (n = 68, HIC group). Urine samples were collected via a transurethral catheter and assayed for BD-2 levels using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Under general or regional anesthesia, cystoscopy with diagnostic and therapeutic hydrodistension was performed in NHIC and HIC groups patients. These patients underwent a biopsy of the bladders. Based on the urinary specimens from 142 patients, BD-2 expression was found to be 18-fold higher in patients with Hunner type IC than in patients with non-Hunner type IC. The enhanced secretion of BD-2 exhibited a strong correlation with increased mast cell counts associated with bladder IC pathology. Enhanced urinary secretion of the antimicrobial peptide BD-2 from Hunner type IC patients associated with clinical phenotypes and demonstrated relatively robust levels to be used as a potential biomarker. Moreover, the increased urinary level of BD-2 may suggest a new possibility of biomarkers caused by dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota in ulcerative IC.
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