일본 헤이안(平安) 전・중기 문학에 나타난 무녀상(巫女像) 고찰

Abstract

This paper examines the examples of shamans depicted in the literature of the early and middle Heian period, which have not been the subject of much research in the past, and by considering them together with the historical materials of that period, the shamans in the flow of Heian literature. It is an attempt to capture the characteristics and significance of the image. As a result of the investigation, there are very few examples of shamans appearing in Kana literature, and except for “Kokinwakashu”, they are mentioned very fragmentarily, and most of them have negative images. In comparison, in the case of Chinese writing works, the acts that should be the Shamans, such as possession, magic, and oracles, are specifically depicted. but in reality, they are not the Chinese characters for shaman (巫女) in the work, but fortune tellers (卜者), prostitutes (昌伎), and the term shaman appears as Hunseok (訓釈, Kaminagi, Kamunagi) in later manuscripts. In this way, the image of the shaman depicted in the literature of the early and middle Heian period is the fact that the shamans(Mikannagi) who was in charge of the national festival at that time was unexpectedly selected from among the common women, and the harmful effects of the shamans on the historical materials at that time. It can be said that many of the descriptions that were pointed out are closely related to their historical background.