COVID-19 vaccine type-dependent differences in immunogenicity and inflammatory response: BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19open access
- Authors
- Heo, J.Y.; Seo, Y.B.; Kim, E.J.; Lee, J.; Kim, Y.R.; Yoon, J.G.; Noh, J.Y.; Cheong, H.J.; Kim, W.J.; Yoon, S.-Y.; Choi, J.-Y.; Lee, Y.J.; Lee, H.W.; Kim, S.S.; Kim, B.; Song, J.Y.
- Issue Date
- 2022
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media S.A.
- Keywords
- COVID-19; cytokine; immunogenicity; reactogenicity; vaccine
- Citation
- Frontiers in Immunology, v.13
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Volume
- 13
- URI
- https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/146031
- DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2022.975363
- ISSN
- 1664-3224
- Abstract
- Evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity of new vaccine platforms is needed to increase public acceptance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. Here, we evaluated the association between reactogenicity and immunogenicity in healthy adults following vaccination by analyzing blood samples before and after sequential two-dose vaccinations of BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Outcomes included anti-S IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody responses, adverse events, and proinflammatory cytokine responses. A total of 59 and 57 participants vaccinated with BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, respectively, were enrolled. Systemic adverse events were more common after the first ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 dose than after the second. An opposite trend was observed in BNT162b2 recipients. Although the first ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 dose significantly elevated the median proinflammatory cytokine levels, the second dose did not, and neither did either dose of BNT162b2. Grades of systemic adverse events in ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 recipients were significantly associated with IL-6 and IL-1β levels. Anti-S IgG and neutralizing antibody titers resulting from the second BNT162b2 dose were significantly associated with fever. In conclusion, systemic adverse events resulting from the first ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 dose may be associated with proinflammatory cytokine responses rather than humoral immune responses. Febrile reactions after second BNT162b2 dose were positively correlated with vaccine-induced immune responses rather than with inflammatory responses. Copyright © 2022 Heo, Seo, Kim, Lee, Kim, Yoon, Noh, Cheong, Kim, Yoon, Choi, Lee, Lee, Kim, Kim and Song.
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